Ethereum: Non standard Tx with obscure OP codes: examples

Ethereum Transaction Analysis: Understanding Obscure OP Codes

As a Python developer, you are probably familiar with the unique transaction format of the Ethereum blockchain. However, transactions that contain non-standard TXs (transactions) and obscure OP codes can be challenging to understand.

In this article, we will delve into the world of Ethereum transactions and examine several examples of non-standard TXs with obscure OP codes. We will also provide explanations and insights to help you better understand these mysterious blocks.

What is a transaction (TX) in Ethereum?

A transaction on the Ethereum blockchain consists of several components:

• Header: The header contains metadata about the transaction, such as the sender’s public address, the recipient’s public address, and the gas limit.

• Body: The body contains the actual data being transferred between accounts.

• Witness: A witness is a small value added to the body of a transaction to verify its correctness.

Understanding OP Codes

OP codes are a key part of Ethereum transactions. They represent instructions that can be executed by the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Here are some common OP codes:

• “0x00”: No operation

• 0x01: Print constant

• 0x02: Push variable

• 0x03: Call function

• 0x04: Subtract

• “0x05”: Multiply

• 0x06: Divide

• 0x07: Modulus

• 0x08: Get field offset

• 0x09: Set field offset

Examples of non-standard TXs with ambiguous OP codes

Let’s consider the example you provided:

scriptPubKey: "...

txHash: 77822fd6663c665104119cb7635352756dfc50da76a92d417ec1a12c518fad69"

Here are some examples of non-standard TXs with obscure OP codes that may give you some insight into how this mysterious block works:

• 0x00000001: This OP code is used to push a constant value onto the stack. In this case, it is likely to push a value representing the transaction hash (e.g., the hexadecimal representation of the block number).

• 0x00000004: This OP code is used to subtract one value from another. The operands are likely passed as constants.

• 0x00000003: This OP code is used to call a function. In this case, it is likely to call the tx.origin field, which contains information about the origin of the transaction.

Observations and Tips

When working with non-standard TXs with unclear OP codes, keep in mind:

• Always check scriptPubKey to understand what data is being sent.

• Verify txHash by checking its hexadecimal representation or using a tool like Etherscan.

• Understanding the relevant roles and values ​​is essential when working with transactions.

By analyzing these examples and understanding the OP codes, you will be better prepared to tackle more complex Ethereum transactions in Python code. Happy analysis!